10 best pool steps for inground pools
Pool steps for inground pools are important accessories that provide safe and convenient entry and exit points for swimmers. They are related to pool ladders, parts, accessories, and can be found in the category of Pools, Hot Tubs, and Supplies within the Patio Lawn and Garden section. Here is what you need to know about pool steps for inground pools:
Purpose: Pool steps are designed to facilitate safe and easy access to and from an inground swimming pool.They provide a stable and secure platform for swimmers to use when entering or exiting the pool.
Types:
- Built-in Steps: These are permanent steps that are typically integrated into the design of the pool during construction. They are made from materials such as concrete or fiberglass and are often customizable in terms of shape and size.
- Drop-In Steps: These are removable or adjustable steps that can be added to an existing pool. They are often made of durable materials like plastic or resin and can be added as an aftermarket accessory.
Design Features:
- Treads: Pool steps have textured treads to provide slip resistance, ensuring safety when wet.
- Handrails: Many pool steps include handrails or railings to provide additional support and stability while entering or exiting the pool.
- Depth: The depth of pool steps can vary, and some designs include deeper areas for lounging or relaxation.
- Shape: Pool steps come in various shapes, including straight, curved, or corner configurations, depending on the pool's design and layout.
Installation:
- Built-in Steps: These are typically installed during the construction of the inground pool. They are integrated into the pool's structure and require professional installation.
- Drop-In Steps: These can be added to an existing pool relatively easily. They are placed over the pool's edge or secured to the pool wall, depending on the design.
Maintenance: Pool steps, like any other pool accessory, require regular maintenance to ensure they remain safe and in good condition. This may include cleaning, checking for damage, and ensuring any handrails or hardware are secure.
Compatibility: When choosing pool steps for an inground pool, it's important to consider the pool's size, shape, and design to ensure that the steps are compatible and fit properly.
Safety: Pool steps are a safety feature that helps prevent accidents and injuries by providing a designated entry and exit point. Ensure that the steps you choose meet safety standards and regulations.
In summary, pool steps for inground pools are essential for safe and convenient access to the pool. They come in various types and designs, allowing pool owners to choose the option that best suits their needs and the design of their pool. Proper installation and maintenance are key to ensuring the longevity and safety of pool steps.
Below you can find our editor's choice of the best pool steps for inground pools on the marketProduct description
The newest in-ground swimming pool stairs from Confer! These in-ground swimming pool entry steps are designed to impress any onlookers, and manufactured to last for years to come. The attractive two-tone color - warm grey panels and handrails accented by grey treads - will compliment any pool, while still maintaining the strength and durability to hold up to 400 pounds. Pair this with CCX-ADD from Confer (not included) to create the perfect system! Easy install with snap together construction. Confer has become a leader in the pool step and ladder industry. They manufacture many models of steps and ladders to help you find the perfect product for your pool or spa. With eighteen manufacturing lines and the latest equipment, we have the capacity and capability to produce parts weighing just under one pound up to 100 pounds. We regularly reinvest in new equipment so as to offer ever-improving capabilities, remarkable quality, and price competitiveness. You are sure to find the right product to make entering and exiting the pool easy and safe!
- Above ground swimming pool entry steps make it easy to enter and exit the pool
- Attractive two tone color
- Start with the base step unit (staircase) and then expand into a complete Curve system (not included)
- Eye-catching, graceful sloping handrails
- Two tone color – grey treads with warm grey (beige) sidewalls and handrails. Compliments any swimming pool!
User questions & answers
Question: | does anyone know what the height dimesnion of thse steps would be |
Answer: | I measured from the bottom of my shallow end, to the first step on the top of the stairs. It's approximately 34" and then there's still a 9" step to take until you're on the concrete around our pool. It is just a normal height step to get out of the pool. |
Question: | We are getting a 21 ft round above ground. Has anyone used them in above ground? trying to avoid wedding cake steps because of size |
Answer: | I just installed this in my above ground pool which is 46" high to the railing, so I didn't want the top step to be above that, which the above ground model would have. This one is perfect, the top step is JUST below the water line and the deck anchor attaches easily to my deck. Love it. |
Question: | My dog loves to swim and it's harder for him to get out of our in ground pool. Will these steps help |
Answer: | Well, it will depend on the size of the dog. My mini Chihuahua had a little trouble getting out but, he was able to get out. I don't believe my penkinese would be able to get out of the pool with these steps. His legs are short. |
Question: | Does this fit a 52" high above ground Intex pool |
Answer: | It will work in above ground if you have a deck for the pool. Just measure the height of the top step from the specifications and see if stepping down to that level is comfortable on your pool. |
Product description
This uniquely designed Wedding Cake step provides a wide angle to make entry and exit from your pool easier and safer. The durable slip-resistant polyethylene construction withstands heavy use and the sun's harmful rays. The sturdy handle and graceful curves of this step make it a beautiful addition to any pool. Super strong ABS molded construction will not flex or buckle like blow molded steps and it holds over 500 lbs! Perforated non-skid steps means excellent traction for safety, plus the well ventilated design means the Wedding Cake steps will allow chemicals to circulate and reduce algae build-up. A 4-ft x 5-ft Deluxe step/liner pad is included with this step to reduce chafing between the step and pool liner. The Wedding Cake is simple and easy to assemble and fits pools up to 54 Inch deep. Mounts easily to your deck or pool (hardware and brackets included). Backed by a 2 year warranty.
- Injection molded ABS fabrication offers long lasting glossy White finish
- No ballasts or anchor weights needed making installation and removal quick and easy
- Ventilated step surface reduces algae growth and promotes chemical circulation
- Safety features include perforated non-skid steps means excellent traction for safety and sturdy precision-fit handrail, plus the well ventilated design means the Wedding Cake steps will allow chemicals to circulate and reduce algae build-up, 500-lb weight capacity
User questions & answers
Question: | Will these steps work with a oval pool |
Answer: | Yes, depending on placement , side is where my is placed due to entry steps |
Question: | Will this work in a intex ultra? It has a rounded bottom to it |
Answer: | Won't sit flat against edge, but I think it would get close enough. I have a round 24' pool |
Question: | Does a liner come with |
Answer: | A liner for the bottom came with mine. |
Question: | What is the height? Not including the hand rail |
Answer: | Just out with tape around 44-45 with me getting into pool, top step is two inches below water and my wall size is 52", hope this helps. |
Question: | Are these returnable if they do not fit correctly |
Answer: | Most items from Amazon are returnable following Amazons guidelines. |
Question: | Do I need to purchase bolts to secure the steps separately or they included with the 3 steps |
Answer: | not included |
Question: | can these be adapted to replace RV bunk ladder rungs |
Answer: | Mine were just for the pool. Check the inside measurements, do not see why not. Would need to make sure support has curve to fit the sides. |
Question: | Will these fit if my length is 19", inside is 18" and the step width is shy of |
Answer: | Outside Length: 19-5/8 inches, Inside length: 17.75 inches |
Product features
Blue Wave NE110WH Wedding Cake Above Ground Pool Step with Liner Pad
This redesigned beauty has all the features you desire to make entry and exit from your pool easier and safer. After years of design & testing, our new Wedding Cake Step has many unsurpassed benefits compared to any blow molded step on the market. The cool blue color blends with most pools for a refined look. Tiny holes in the step surface allows chemicals to circulate through and behind these steps reducing algae and chemical build-up. Because these steps are designed to be used without a ballast, there is no wading through cold water in the fall to remove weights, as with blow molded steps. And, with a weight capacity of 500 pounds, these steps are made to be used by everyone.
- Perforated non-skid steps means excellent traction for safety
Product description
We are an authorized Swimline dealer! Best Quality Replacement! Fits most in-ground and above-ground ladders!
- 3 New Hydrotools 87901 molded plastic ladder replacement steps
- High quality replacement step
- Fits most above-ground and in-ground ladders
- Measures 17 3/4"
- Made to fit 1.9" diameter ladders
User questions & answers
Question: | my ladder steps are only 14" apart, from inside to inside. All of the ones online are 17-19" wide, not sure what to do |
Answer: | Mine came with a flexible hose extension, 2 solid extensions, a wider floor attachment, and a narrow attachment. |
Question: | Everyone is saying these steps are 17 3/4", my old steps are 17 5/16" from pole to pole and total 18" long. Will these work? Measured 20 times |
Answer: | No it only uses Bosch 10.8 volt or 12 volt batteries. |
Question: | is the bottom of the step solid also |
Answer: | Yes, your choice of size 9 is correct. |
Question: | cracked pool polymer steps....epoxy will harden and then crack again-apply under water |
Answer: | Yes, these ribbons have been sewn, I suggest you choose size 7. |
Product description
Description
A great pool ladder to match your swimming pool! Made of high-quality stainless steel, this ladder features good rust resistant and durability, which improves the overall solidness. It can also well ensure your safety as it is equipped with non-slip footstep protecting you from skidding and bent handrail convenient for easy grasp when you go in and out the pool. Moreover, constructed to be stable and sturdy, it will provide you strong support to stand on it and can hold up to 441lbs. If you are looking for a premium and practical pool ladder to improve your swimming pool, just come and buy one! It will provide convenience both for your guests and customers whether it is used for personal pool or commercial gym.
Features
Made of premium stainless steel enhancing the durability for a long time use
Firm connection improving the overall rigidity and solidness
Equipped with non-slip footstep protecting you from skidding and ensuring safety
Bent handrail providing convenience and comfort for easy grasp
Reasonable distance between steps convenient to go in and out the pool
Easy to assemble with a detailed installation manual
Ideal for being used in both private swimming pool and public gym
Specifications
Color: Silver
Material:304 Stainless Steel & Plastic
Product Dimensions:21 x 28 x 63 inch (L x W x H)
Net Weight:18 lbs
- 【Premium Stainless Material】This pool ladder can be soaked in the water for a long time use, as it is made of selected high-quality stainless steel, which features good rust resistance and durability. Its good wear resistance will also provide high performance and match your swimming pool.
- 【Humanized Design for Safety】Equipped with non-slip footsteps, which enhances the overall security when you go in or out the pool, this pool ladder can well protect you from skidding. Moreover, its handrail is well fitted with the shape of hands for easy grasp which is constructed with users-friendly curve.
- 【Sturdy Construction & Joints】The solid connection between each part improves the overall rigidity of the ladder, providing strong support when in use. With easy mount legs which can provide strong adsorption capacity, it can be firmly fixed on the wall. Its maximum weight capability is up to 440lbs.
- 【Applicable for Multiple Occasions】It is ideal for being used in both private swimming pool for personal entertainment and public swimming pool for commercial use and no matter where it is used, people will get great convenience when go in and out the pool.
- 【Easy & Convenient Assembly】With the detailed installation manual given, you can easily finish the assembly to fix it in the swimming pool by following the steps and enjoy a cool and fun time in the pool soon.
Product description
We are an authorized Swimline dealer! Best Quality Replacements! Fits most in-ground and above-ground ladders! 1 buy = 3 steps!
- 3 New Hydrotools 87906 stainless steel ladder steps
- High quality replacement step
- Fits most above-ground and in-ground ladders
- Measures 17 3/4"
- Made to fit 1.9" diameter ladders
User questions & answers
Question: | Does this the steel 87906 replacement the plastic |
Answer: | it is better up |
Question: | Do you sell the entire unit |
Answer: | yes it does |
Question: | Are the ends plastic or is it just a rubber/plastic cover over the metal to protect the edges |
Answer: | I am selling the Grishko 2007 hard shank through this listing. I can’t really speak for the other sellers, but since the listing says Grishko 2007 that should be what they are selling regardless of the picture. And I have no idea why the picture is of the Nova and not the 2007. |
Question: | what is the weight limit |
Answer: | Suggested Fitting: Women order 2-2½ sizes smaller than street size, but if you have never ordered pointe shoes I would recommend being sized professionally as pointe shoes can be very dangerous if you are not trained or an ill fitting shoe is used. |
Product description
Replacement plastic ladder step. Measures: 17 3/4" wide. THIS STAINLESS STEEL POOL LADDER COMES WITH A TWO-PACK OF RUBBER BUMPERS AND A 3 YEAR WARRANTY. IF YOU HAVE A SALT CHLORINATION POOL, THIS LADDER MAY SHOW SIGNS OF EARLIER CORROSION AND IS NOT RECOMMENDED. IT WORKS IDEALLY IN CHLORINATED POOLS, AS IT IS NOT SALT WATER FRIENDLY. STAINLESS STEEL ESCUTCHEONS PLATES AND ANCHORS ARE SOLD SEPARATELY. *ALL DIMENSIONS WILL VARY WITHIN A 1/2 INCH AS EACH PIECE IS HAND BENT AT THE MANUFACTURER.*
- OUT WITH THE OLD IN WITH THE NEW - Enter and exit your pool without a hassle. This is the perfect ladder to replace your old inground pool ladder. Anchors and escutcheons sold separately.
- EASY INSTALLATION – Just remove your old inground pool ladder and insert this new one. No bonding or grounding required.
- STAINLESS STEEL - 20" wide electro-polished aluminum rails and 3 white plastic steps with ends flared to 1.90" outside diameter for easy replacement in existing pools.
- CLOSE FOR COMFORT - All bends have a 6-Inch radius to keep the ladder closer to the pool wall.
- INCLUDES - This stainless steel pool ladder comes with a two-pack of rubber bumpers and a 3 year warranty. If you have a salt chlorination pool, this ladder may show signs of earlier corrosion and is not recommended. It works ideally in chlorinated pools, as it is not salt water friendly. Stainless steel escutcheons plates and anchors are sold separately. * All dimensions will vary within a 1/2 inch as each piece is hand bent at the manufacturer*
User questions & answers
Question: | my holes are 21" from my coping the bigest i can find is 24" but you need 6"for stair cleance any help please |
Answer: | My daughter wears a street shoe size 5, medium width. In the Aria, she wore a 6 W. That being said, I hope you have been professionally fitted as you could be seriously injured by wearing the wrong shoe. |
Question: | What anchors would I use with this ladder |
Answer: | If your daughter wants to use with toe pads, please choose size 5.5. |
Question: | Will this fit in my 4th shallow end |
Answer: | These pointe shoes toe pads fit your daughter(B07ZMP3FKG), Then please choose size 5.5 for your daughter. |
Question: | Can you just purchase the 3 plastic steps separate |
Answer: | If you don’t wear the gel pad, please choose size 3. If +the gel pad, please choose size 4;The default delivery includes a pair of gel pads. |
Product features
Simple Installation
To install your Aqua Select Three Tread Stainless Steel Pool Ladder with Plastic Steps, just remove your old inground pool ladder and insert this new one. No bonding or grounding required.
Stainless steel escutcheon plates (set of 2) are sold separately. These plates are used to protect ladder mounting hardware and cover gaps between the concrete and the hardware.
Ladder Specifics
Electro-polished stainless steel ladders with plastic steps measures at 20" wide with tubing that is flared to 1.90" outside diameter.
All bends have a 6" radius to keep the ladder closer to the pool wall.
Included 2 pack of 3-Step Rubber bumpers are 4' 5".
Product description
We are an authorized Swimline dealer! Best Quality Replacement! Fits most in-ground and above-ground ladders! 1 Buy = 3 Pool Ladder Rung Replacements AND Steel Bolts Set!
- 3 New Hydrotools 87901 molded plastic ladder replacement steps + Steel Bolts Set
- High quality replacement steps and bolts
- Fits most above-ground and in-ground ladders
- Compatible with plastic or stainless steel steps
- Made to fit 1.9" diameter ladders
User questions & answers
Question: | Are steps and bolts shipped separately? I received the steps but not the bolts |
Answer: | My bolts came with the steps |
Question: | ladder installed on dock that is too short. How do I add a few steps to my ladder |
Answer: | Buy another set. |
Question: | How long are the steps? Looking to replace step that is 18" inside measurement (hole to hole) and 19 7/8" outside measurement |
Answer: | 17.5 hole to hole, 19 end to end. If yours is a standard in ground pool ladder, my guess is these will work. The overall length may not matter because the step "wraps around" the pole. |
Question: | I never receive the bolts only the steps |
Answer: | I received bolts which were too short. I just reused the existing bolts and huts. |
Question: | How far are the anchor holes from the edge of the pool to center of the anchor holes? (They really need a diagram with measurements in the listing |
Answer: | On my pool from the edge of the pool (coping) to the center of the anchor holes in the concrete is 18 1/2". This fits my pool. Hope that helps. |
Question: | What is the total length of the ladder? Need something in the 55" range |
Answer: | Hi...if you scroll all the way down to description of ladder it is 57.5 inches by 2.4 by 25.6 I believe it said. |
Question: | can i use deck anchors and screw this to a wooden deck |
Answer: | There is no flange to secure it to the deck. So I don't believe you can. |
Question: | my current holes in the concrete are 22" apart (total distance from outside to outside of the holes), will this ladder fit in those holes |
Answer: | My pool is also 22" outside to outside and it fits perfectly. The other dimension to consider is back end of hole to pool edge. Mine lip is 22" so I cant slide the ladder down as far as I would like without the inside rubbing on the lip (edge) it's not a big issue for us, but if you are tall, this makes the stairs higher and harder to use. If your pool edge is less then 22" from the back of the hole, this ladder will be ideal. |
Question: | What size are the bolts |
Answer: | They are standard sized and worked wonderfully in my pool. |
Question: | Do these pool steps and nuts and bolts rust at all are they good quality stainless steal. ???? Thanks for your time |
Answer: | If you have a saltwater pool, you will have some rust. If you are looking for a much more solid step as compared to the standard plastic step you will be well satisfied. This steps have endured some of my heavier pool guest very well and the price is gracious. |
Question: | My poles diameter is 1 7/8 and distance between the poles is 19 inches . Would these work |
Answer: | The diameter of my poles are also 1 7/8". The steps are 17 1/2" wide at the center of the inside curve. If you are replacing all of the steps the poles ajust accordingly. |
Question: | What is the exact inside length )-------------( measurment? Is it 17 5/8 " , 17 1/4" or longer |
Answer: | will these steps fit a ladder with an inside measurement of 17"? |
Product features
Pool Inflatables, Toys & Games
Luxury pool floats, toy & games to keep you floating in style.
Pool Liners & Covers
Liners & covers to keep pools in shape for all seasons.
Pool Maintenance
Maintenance equipment to support all of your pool needs.
Solstice by Swimline
High end water sports and boating merchandise.
Product description
Done with replacing rusted, blemished ladders with hot steel rails that shake and wobble? Saftron Step Polymer Finish Inground ladders are the answer. Saftron dent-and-scratch-proof polymer ladders are made with special processed compounds that make them extra-tough, corrosion resistant, with remarkable anti-weathering from the elements, UV rays, and pool or spa chemicals while requiring virtually no maintenance! Saftron equipment & accessories are also guaranteed to never lose their shiny, like-new sheen for years and are great for saltwater water pools. The Saftron Residential Inground Pool Ladder is made of encapsulated-reinforced steel making it supremely durable. A dent-and-scratch-proof polymer shell guarantees Saftron ladders can stand-up to saltwater, swimming pool chemicals, and sunlight and will not get hot. Also, with Safton ladders there is no grounding or bonding necessary.
- 3-steps make for an easy to climb ladder
- White, polymer coating made to look clean cut and protect from harsh inground pool elements
- Saftron ladder built to remain cooler to the touch when exposed to sun-rays
- Reinforced steel interior provides extra strength and durability
- Long-lasting ladder meant to maintain their smooth, bright finish for years
User questions & answers
Question: | For a white ladder, does high-impact polymer exterior mean it is powder-coated or is it something else |
Answer: | No. You have to purchase the ribbons and elastic separately. |
Question: | Where do cups need to be |
Answer: | The dimensions and weight of this item are really dependant on the size requested. It will vary based on this. The average weight of the item is usually between 0.5 lbs and 0.75 lbs. |
Question: | Does this item saftron p-324-l3 come in beige and does it come with all mounting hardware |
Answer: | No ribbons and elastics have to be ordered separate. |
Question: | does it come with white anchor sockets and plates |
Answer: | You should get yourself sized at a dance supply store.... point shoes usually will run around 2 sizes smaller than your normal shoe size... but they are so custom to your foot and arch and there are soo many different types and because they can damage your foot if they are not fit well you really really need to be professional fitted. It doesn't cost anything and you can find out your size and the best shoe for your foot then go on line and shop around. |
Product description
Description:
Install a safe and convenient entry to your pool with this swimming pool ladder. This ladder brings an end to painstakingly blend your back while getting out of the pool. Both handrails conforming to ergonomic design provide a better grip. And two-step structure will never let you down. Two steps are covered with anti-skid rubber pads for more friction, which effectively avoids slipping. The ladder is carefully crafted with selected 304 stainless steel, thus ensuing a long life span. Featuring excellent rust resistance, it stands the test of time and won’t pollute the water because of rust. In addition, the ladder supports users up to lbs, offering strong support and leaves you no worry.
Features:
Steps with anti-skid design will never let you down
Carefully crafted with 304 stainless steel to last for years
Stable construction with the weight capacity of lbs for all users
Completed accessories for effortlessly installation and assembly
Each part is tightly connected for stable and sturdy construction
Two-step structure helps to effortlessly get out of swimming poo
Widely used on various occasions, such as indoor pools, outdoor pools, outdoor bath pavilion, etc
With two handrails conforming to ergonomic design to avoid painstakingly blending backs
Specification:
Color: Sliver
Material: 304 Stainless Steel + Plastic
Dimension:
Step Size: 19.5” x 3” (L x W)
Net Weight: 15 lbs
Weight Capacity: 440 lbs
Package Includes:
2 X Handrail
2 X Decorative Cover
2 X Foot Cover
2 X Embedded Part
2 X Pedal
4 X Bolt
4 X Washer
4 X Screw
- 【Sturdy 304 Stainless Steel Frame】High-quality 304 stainless steel material ensures its durable use, leaving you no worry about use reliability. Compared to inferior 201 stainless steel, it features excellent rust resistance to prevent from polluting the water, and comes with better sturdiness.
- 【Anti-skid Step for More Security】To make it a safer way to get out, the ladder is designed with anti-skid steps. Covered with anti-skid rubber pad , two steps provide better friction so as to avoid slipping while getting out of the pool. More, handrail conforming to ergonomic design also provide a better grip.
- 【Effortless & Easy Installation】All parts are included, which means you can effortlessly install ladder on most pools. With the detailed instruction, the assembly is a breeze. The completed accessories include 2 handrails, 2 steps, 2 imbedded parts, 2 decorative covers, 2 foot covers and 4 screws.
- 【Fine Workmanship & Stable Construction】Each part of the ladder is tightly connected to form a stable structure. Deformation and breaking is not as easy, thus ensuring a long lifespan. With the weight capacity of lbs, the ladder can support up to most users. Plus, due to its delicate polishing, it has a glossy appearance.
- 【Perfect for Commercial & Private Pools】Suitable for both commercial spaces and private pools, it can be used in outdoor bath pavilion, indoor pools, open-air bath and more. You can freely install it anywhere you want, and effortlessly get out of the pool with its help.
User questions & answers
Question: | is this good for above ground pools |
Answer: | All of Saftron's ladders and rails come with a pair of matching escutcheons, which are the plates that cover where the rail portion meets your deck. There are several options with the anchor sockets, therefore, they are not included. |
Question: | i have holes in cement 4" deep, width is 2'', center to center hole 19 1/2'', from center of hole to edge of pool is 17'' will your ladder fit |
Answer: | The center of my holes is also 21” from the edge of the coping. This ladder does rest on the coping and the feet are about an inch from the pool wall. |
Question: | Can this ladder be used for an in-ground pool with a liner? Will the ladder tear or wear a hole in the liner |
Answer: | This is designed to fit into holes in the concrete around an in ground pool |
Question: | My anchor points are 19" apart, center-to-center. Will this work? The details say it's 20 inches, but is there room for adjustment |
Answer: | Looks like the measurement from bumper to the top of the handrail is about 4'6". Once you place the opposite ends in the holes, more than a foot of the handrail would be out of the water so it would only actually go about 3 feet into the pool. The top step will likely be real close to the pool edge so you may opt to not install it. Hope this helps. |
Product description
Best quality replacement ladder step Complete with non-slip gripper pads Fits most above ground and inground ladders Hardware not included. Dimensions: 18 3/8" from bolt to bolt Please note this product has a protective peel off film, and must be removed before use!
User questions & answers
Question: | what is the depth of the step I know it is 18 3/4 wide by what |
Answer: | There is 9" from top of step to top of step. The step out of the pool depends on how high the deck is above the water. |
Latest Reviews
View all
Victor Badminton Rackets
- Updated: 09.05.2023
- Read reviews

Bona Mop For Disposable Pads
- Updated: 25.04.2023
- Read reviews

Baby Monitor Video
- Updated: 18.06.2023
- Read reviews

Shampoos For Oily
- Updated: 14.03.2023
- Read reviews

Iron Supplements
- Updated: 17.02.2023
- Read reviews